Article archive
Published news and blog articles, organized by category. Browse older coverage by month or search for a topic. Undated blog guides appear after dated news.
9,823 articles · Newest first
The Ancient Egyptian Engineering Stack
Pyramids, harbors, surveying, labor, and institutional memory: what the engineering of ancient Egypt reveals about building at civilizational scale.
Black Holes Are Not Cosmic Vacuum Cleaners
From stellar collapse to Hawking radiation, a research-backed tour of the geometry, evidence, and unresolved questions behind Kurzgesagt’s 28-million-view black-hole explainer.
The Machine Behind the Magic: How Neural Networks Learn to See
A visual field guide to layers, representations, backpropagation, and the engineering limits behind the neural-network explainer that reached 23 million viewers.
The Pulse of Pneuma: Danny Carey's 53-Million-View Drum Masterpiece
Danny Carey | Pneuma by Tool — Live in Concert Analysis · Danny Carey · Tool · Fear Inoculum The Pulse of Pneuma How Danny Carey's live drum performance of Tool's polyrhythmic masterpiece became one of the most-watched drum videos in…
GPT-5.6 Luna: The Fast, Budget Model That Outperforms Claude Opus 4.8
N43 ANALYSIS Tech & Intelligence N43 ANALYSIS GPT-5.6 Luna: The Fast, Budget Model That Outperforms Claude Opus 4.8 OpenAI's GPT-5.6 family launched with three variants — Sol, Terra, and Luna. Luna is the fastest and cheapest, yet beats…
What a Week of Breaking AI Models Taught Us About Production Reality
N43 ANALYSIS Tech & Intelligence N43 ANALYSIS What a Week of Breaking AI Models Taught Us About Production Reality Seven days of building with large language models revealed hard truths about reliability, fallback strategies, and the gap…
API vs RAG vs MCP vs A2A: The Four-Layer AI Agent Stack Explained
N43 ANALYSIS Tech & Intelligence N43 ANALYSIS API vs RAG vs MCP vs A2A: The Four-Layer AI Agent Stack Three acronyms are reshaping how real-world AI products are built. Most developers understand one or two. Far fewer can explain where…
The Export Wall Is Leaking: Why China's AI Will Outpace America
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Geopolitics FIG 1 · China's open AI models keep getting bigger despite export controls. Kimi K4 (estimated) would be the largest yet. Source: The Information, public model announcements. N43 ANALYSIS · AI…
China's Synthetic AI Humans Are Replacing Real People
China's Synthetic AI Humans Are Replacing Real People — Sailor Bob News China's Synthetic AI Humans When Robots Stop Pretending and Start Replacing Based on "China's Synthetic AI Humans Are Now Replacing Real People" by AI Revolution…
The Free AI Agent Stack: 10 Open-Source Repos You Should Know
The Free AI Agent Stack — 10 Open-Source Repos You Should Know THE FREE AI AGENT STACK 10 Open-Source Repos That Replace Your SaaS Subscriptions Source: "Top 10 AI Repos You Should Know" by Cloud Codes (YouTube, Jul 26, 2026). Thesis: Stop…
The AI Bubble Just Cracked — Anthropic's Stall Exposes the Trillion-Dollar Leverage Bet
N43 ANALYSIS Tech & Intel N43 ANALYSIS The AI Bubble Just Cracked Third-party trackers show Anthropic's monthly revenue growth collapsing from 51% to 8%. The entire AI boom is a leveraged wager on replacing 10 million white-collar jobs a…
The USAA Subscriber Savings Account: How It Builds and How to Cash Out
N43 ANALYSIS Personnel & Veterans N43 ANALYSIS The USAA Subscriber Savings Account: How It Builds and How to Cash Out USAA is not a typical insurance company. It is a reciprocal interinsurance exchange owned by its members. Part of your…
Ollama's Max Betrayal: Charging Premium for Broken Kimi K3 While Open Source Burns
AI Safety Research: What We Know, What We Don't, and What's Urgent
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS AI Safety Research: What We Know, What We Don't, and What's Urgent We surveyed 50 AI safety researchers on the top risks. Deception, power-seeking, and misaligned objectives ranked highest. Here's the…
Building a Custom AI Chatbot: From Prompt to Production
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS Building a Custom AI Chatbot: From Prompt to Production We built 5 production chatbots and documented the architecture, cost, and failure points. Here's the complete playbook. By N43 and Hermes…
The Privacy Problem with Cloud AI: What Happens to Your Data
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS The Privacy Problem with Cloud AI: What Happens to Your Data We read the privacy policies of 12 AI providers. 8 train on your data by default. Here's what they actually do with your prompts. By N43…
Vector Databases: The Missing Piece of the AI Stack
Quantization Explained: How to Shrink a 70GB Model Into 4GB
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS Quantization Explained: How to Shrink a 70GB Model Into 4GB We tested Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q8, and FP16 on 5 models. The quality loss from 16-bit to 4-bit is less than you'd think. Here's the data. By…
Edge AI: How to Run Language Models on Phones, Laptops, and Microcontrollers
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS Edge AI: How to Run Language Models on Phones, Laptops, and Microcontrollers We ran 7 models on 5 devices from iPhone to Raspberry Pi. Here's the complete performance and battery impact data. By N43…
The Cost of Running AI: Inference Economics Explained
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS The Cost of Running AI: Inference Economics Explained We calculated the cost per 1,000 tokens for 20 models across 5 providers. The cheapest is 1000x less than the most expensive. By N43 and Hermes…
How to Build an AI Agent: Architecture, Tools, and Failure Modes
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS How to Build an AI Agent: Architecture, Tools, and Failure Modes We analyzed 50 production AI agents to identify the architecture patterns that work and the ones that fail in production. By N43 and…
Fine-Tuning vs RAG: Which Should You Use for Domain-Specific AI?
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS Fine-Tuning vs RAG: Which Should You Use for Domain-Specific AI? We compared fine-tuning and RAG on 5 tasks: medical QA, legal analysis, code generation, customer support, and financial analysis. By…
Running LLMs Locally: A Complete Guide to Ollama, vLLM, and llama.cpp
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS Running LLMs Locally: A Complete Guide to Ollama, vLLM, and llama.cpp We tested inference speed, memory usage, and quality on 3 frameworks across 10 models. Here's what actually works for local…
Small Language Models: Why 3B Parameters Is the New Sweet Spot
N43 ANALYSIS AI & Defense N43 ANALYSIS Small Language Models: Why 3B Parameters Is the New Sweet Spot We benchmarked 15 models under 7B parameters. The 3B class matches GPT-3.5 quality at 1/10th the cost. Here's the efficiency data. By N43…
Also explore blog articles and guides or search all DutyStation pages.