Article archive
Published news and blog articles, organized by category. Browse older coverage by month or search for a topic. Undated blog guides appear after dated news.
2,255 articles · Newest first
How Brain-Computer Interfaces Work
How Brain-Computer Interfaces Work | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 054 N43 ANALYSIS · NEUROENGINEERING How Brain-Computer Interfaces Work A brain-computer interface creates a direct communication link between neural activity and an external device…
How Cochlear Implants Restore Hearing
How Cochlear Implants Restore Hearing | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 052 N43 ANALYSIS · NEUROENGINEERING How Cochlear Implants Restore Hearing A surgically implanted neuroprosthesis bypasses damaged hair cells in the inner ear and directly…
How PET Scans Detect Cancer
PET does not photograph a tumor. It follows a radioactive sugar through the body and finds the places where biology has gone into overdrive.
How 3D Bioprinting Works
How 3D Bioprinting Works | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 048 N43 ANALYSIS · BIOMANUFACTURING How 3D Bioprinting Works From bio-inks to layer-by-layer assembly, 3D bioprinting is turning the promise of tissue engineering into a manufacturing…
The Science of Tissue Engineering
The Science of Tissue Engineering | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 047 N43 ANALYSIS · BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING The Science of Tissue Engineering How biomedical engineers combine cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules to grow replacement tissues…
How Gene Therapy Treats Disease
How Gene Therapy Treats Disease | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 046 N43 ANALYSIS · GENETIC MEDICINE How Gene Therapy Treats Disease From viral vectors to CRISPR, gene therapy is moving from experimental concept to clinical reality — rewriting the…
The Biology of Stem Cells
Stem cells balance self-renewal and differentiation: potency, niches, reprogramming, tissue repair and the limits of the promise.
How Antidepressants Work
A clear look at antidepressant chemistry: transporters, receptors, delayed adaptation, benefits, limits and safety.
The Chemistry of Painkillers
How analgesic molecules interrupt pain: prostaglandins, COX enzymes, opioid receptors, dose, and risk.
How Antibiotics Kill Bacteria
The Science of Vaccination
The Science of Vaccination | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 041 N43 ANALYSIS · IMMUNOLOGY The Science of Vaccination How a weakened virus, a strip of mRNA, or a protein fragment teaches the immune system to remember an enemy it has never met — and…
How Incubators Save Premature Babies
How Incubators Save Premature Babies | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 040 N43 ANALYSIS · MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY How Incubators Save Premature Babies A transparent box, a steady 36.5 degrees, and a century of engineering that turned a fifteen-percent…
How CT Scans Work
How CT Scans Work | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 036 N43 ANALYSIS · MEDICAL IMAGING How CT Scans Work Computed tomography reconstructs cross-sectional images from thousands of X-ray attenuation measurements taken at different angles. This is the…
How MRI Machines See Inside the Body
How MRI Machines See Inside the Body | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 034 N43 ANALYSIS · MEDICAL IMAGING How MRI Machines See Inside the Body Magnetic resonance imaging turns the quantum behavior of hydrogen nuclei into detailed cross-sectional…
The Science of Anesthesia
The Science of Anesthesia | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 033 N43 ANALYSIS · PHARMACOLOGY The Science of Anesthesia How anesthetic drugs silence pain, memory, and consciousness — from ether inhalations in the 1840s to the modern pharmaceutical…
How Pacemakers Regulate the Heart
How Pacemakers Regulate the Heart | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 032 N43 ANALYSIS · CARDIAC MEDICINE How Pacemakers Regulate the Heart The engineering and biology behind artificial cardiac pacemakers — tiny implanted devices that deliver…
The Mechanics of Artificial Joints
The Mechanics of Artificial Joints | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 031 N43 ANALYSIS · MEDICAL ENGINEERING The Mechanics of Artificial Joints How engineering and biology converge in artificial joints — from hip replacements to bionic limbs that…
The Engineering of Suspension Bridges
The Engineering of Suspension Bridges | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 027 N43 ANALYSIS · CIVIL ENGINEERING The Engineering of Suspension Bridges How catenary mathematics, cable spinning, and aerodynamic stability combine in the…
How Sonar Detects Underwater Objects
How Sonar Detects Underwater Objects | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 026 N43 ANALYSIS · UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS How Sonar Detects Underwater Objects From Leonardo da Vinci's listening tube to modern active and passive sonar systems, the…
The Science of Stealth Technology
The Science of Stealth Technology | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 025 N43 ANALYSIS · MILITARY TECHNOLOGY The Science of Stealth Technology How radar-absorbing materials, angular shaping, and infrared suppression combine to make…
How Night Vision Technology Works
How Night Vision Technology Works | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 024 N43 ANALYSIS · OPTOELECTRONICS & MILITARY TECH How Night Vision Technology Works From World War II tank-mounted infrared scopes to modern gallium arsenide photocathodes and…
The Physics of Laser Beams
The Physics of Laser Beams | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 023 N43 ANALYSIS · PHYSICS & OPTICS The Physics of Laser Beams Stimulated emission, population inversion, and optical coherence — the quantum mechanical principles that make laser light…
How Elevators Work and Their Safety Systems
How Elevators Work and Their Safety Systems | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 022 N43 ANALYSIS · ENGINEERING & SAFETY How Elevators Work and Their Safety Systems From ancient hoists powered by animals to AI-coordinated smart lifts in supertall…
The Engineering of Escalators
The Engineering of Escalators | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 021 N43 ANALYSIS · ENGINEERING The Engineering of Escalators A motor-driven chain of individually linked steps cycling on a pair of tracks — the hidden mechanics beneath the most…
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