Article archive
Published news and blog articles, organized by category. Browse older coverage by month or search for a topic. Undated blog guides appear after dated news.
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How the Kidneys Filter Blood
How the Kidneys Filter Blood | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 216 N43 ANALYSIS · OFF-DUTY How the Kidneys Filter Blood Inside millions of nephrons, pressure-driven filtration, selective reabsorption, and secretion turn plasma into precisely…
How the Liver Detoxifies the Body
How the Liver Detoxifies the Body | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 215 N43 ANALYSIS · OFF-DUTY How the Liver Detoxifies the Body The liver does not need a cleanse: its cells transform, package, and route chemicals through a tightly regulated…
The Placebo Effect Explained
The Placebo Effect Explained | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 214 N43 ANALYSIS · SCIENCE The Placebo Effect Explained How the expectation of healing releases endogenous opioids, rewires pain circuits, and complicates clinical trials. By N43…
How Intermittent Fasting Affects the Body
How Intermittent Fasting Affects the Body | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 213 N43 ANALYSIS · SCIENCE How Intermittent Fasting Affects the Body The metabolic switch, ketogenesis, autophagy, and what clinical trials actually show about eating…
The Science of Exercise and Longevity
The Science of Exercise and Longevity | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 212 N43 ANALYSIS · SCIENCE The Science of Exercise and Longevity How movement extends not just lifespan but healthspan — from VO2 max and telomeres to hippocampal growth…
How the Gut Microbiome Affects Health
How the Gut Microbiome Affects Health | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 211 N43 ANALYSIS · SCIENCE How the Gut Microbiome Affects Health Trillions of bacteria inside you shape immunity, metabolism, and mood — here is what the evidence supports…
Why We Get Wrinkles
Wrinkles are the visible record of changing collagen, elastin, fat, muscle, hydration, and sun exposure in living skin.
How Hair Turns Gray
The biology of gray hair: how pigment cells, follicle cycles, genetics, stress, and aging drain color from each new strand.
How the Ear Hears Sound
The Science of Taste Buds
The Science of Taste Buds | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 203 N43 ANALYSIS · HUMAN BIOLOGY The Science of Taste Buds Taste buds are tiny living sensors that turn dissolved molecules into signals about energy, minerals, toxins, and protein.…
How the Sense of Smell Works
How the Sense of Smell Works | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 202 N43 ANALYSIS · HUMAN BIOLOGY How the Sense of Smell Works Smell is chemistry translated into experience: airborne molecules enter the nose, activate receptor cells, and reach…
Why We Get Goosebumps
Why We Get Goosebumps | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 201 N43 ANALYSIS · HUMAN BIOLOGY Why We Get Goosebumps Tiny bumps, raised hairs, and a sudden shiver: goosebumps are an ancient mammalian reflex that still flickers through the human body…
The Science of Sneezing
The Science of Sneezing | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 200 N43 ANALYSIS · HUMAN BIOLOGY The Science of Sneezing A sneeze is the body's most violent expulsion, a reflex so forceful it can launch droplets at over 100 miles per hour. But what…
The Science of Yawning
The Science of Yawning | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 198 N43 ANALYSIS · PHYSIOLOGY The Science of Yawning A yawn is a whole-body reset: part reflex, part thermoregulation, and perhaps a social signal inherited from very old vertebrate…
How Lucid Dreaming Works
How Lucid Dreaming Works | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 197 N43 ANALYSIS · SLEEP SCIENCE How Lucid Dreaming Works Lucid dreaming is the unusual moment when the sleeping mind notices that its reality is a dream — and sometimes learns to…
The Psychology of Dreaming
The Psychology of Dreaming | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 196 N43 ANALYSIS · PSYCHOLOGY The Psychology of Dreaming Dreams are not just nighttime stories: they are the mind's shifting laboratory for memory, emotion, threat, and prediction.…
How Pheromones Work
How Pheromones Work | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 195 N43 ANALYSIS · BIOLOGY How Pheromones Work Chemical signals that silently govern the behavior of countless species — from ant trails to moth mates — and the enduring puzzle of whether…
The science of attraction
Attraction is a layered judgment shaped by perception, similarity, proximity, culture, and feedback.
How love changes brain chemistry
Love is an experience, but also a changing conversation among reward, attachment, attention, and stress systems.
How the Volga shaped Russia
The Volga is geography, transport, industry, memory, and a national river all at once.
How the Danube connects Europe
The Danube is a working connection between ten countries, cities, ecosystems, and histories.
The Congo River and the rainforest
How the Congo River moves water, people, forests, and climate through Central Africa.
How Stress Affects the Body
How Stress Affects the Body | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 191 N43 ANALYSIS · PHYSIOLOGY How Stress Affects the Body The physiological cascade from hypothalamus to adrenal cortex, how chronic stress reshapes every organ system, and why the…
The Science of Emotions
The Science of Emotions | N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY · 190 N43 ANALYSIS · NEUROSCIENCE The Science of Emotions How neurobiology, evolutionary theory, and psychology converge to explain what emotions are, how they arise in the brain, and why…
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