Article archive
Published news and blog articles, organized by category. Browse older coverage by month or search for a topic. Undated blog guides appear after dated news.
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The Economics of Training Frontier AI Models
The Economics of Training Frontier AI Models | N43 N43 ANALYSIS ai · research briefing N43 ANALYSIS · AI The Economics of Training Frontier AI Models Frontier training is an industrial balance sheet disguised as a research project: chips,…
How AI Agents Work: From Reasoning to Action
How AI Agents Work: From Reasoning to Action | N43 N43 ANALYSIS ai · research briefing N43 ANALYSIS · AI How AI Agents Work: From Reasoning to Action An AI agent is not just a language model with a persona. It is a loop: perceive a goal,…
How Carbon Capture Technology Works
How Carbon Capture Technology Works | N43 N43 ANALYSIS AI · 056 N43 ANALYSIS · TECHNOLOGY How Carbon Capture Technology Works From amine scrubbers to direct air capture plants in Iceland — the thermodynamics, chemistry, and economics of…
The Promise and Peril of Lab-Grown Meat
The Promise and Peril of Lab-Grown Meat | N43 N43 ANALYSIS ai · research briefing N43 ANALYSIS · ai The Promise and Peril of Lab-Grown Meat Cultivated meat could cut slaughter and reshape the footprint of food—but only if biology,…
How CRISPR Gene Editing Is Transforming Medicine
How CRISPR Gene Editing Is Transforming Medicine | N43 N43 ANALYSIS ai · research briefing N43 ANALYSIS · ai How CRISPR Gene Editing Is Transforming Medicine CRISPR turned a bacterial defense system into a programmable medical platform.…
The Fourier Transform: How One Idea Reshaped Science
How the Fourier transform decomposes signals into pure frequencies and reshaped science from audio to quantum mechanics.
The Bigger Recipe: Why AI Scaling Laws Work
Why larger AI models tend to improve predictably when model size, data, and compute grow together—and why the law is powerful but not infinite.
When Two Networks Play a Game: The Strange Power of GANs
Generative adversarial networks turn generation into a contest: a generator proposes samples while a discriminator learns to reject counterfeits.
How Neural Networks See: The Pattern-Making Machine
A visual field guide to convolutional neural networks: how shared filters turn pixels into edges, textures, objects, and decisions.
Photonic Computing: Processing With Light
Photonic processors use propagation and interference to move and transform data at high bandwidth—while electronics still handle much of the control.
The Press That Made Ideas Impossible to Contain
The Press That Made Ideas Impossible to Contain · N43 N43 ANALYSIS OFF-DUTY N43 ANALYSIS · OFF-DUTY The Press That Made Ideas Impossible to Contain A 6.1M-view CrashCourse episode on Luther opens the door to a bigger story: how Gutenberg…
Wind Is Not the Grid · The Machine Behind Renewable Power
Wind Is Not the Grid · The Machine Behind Renewable Power · N43 N43 ANALYSIS WORLD N43 ANALYSIS · WORLD Wind Is Not the Grid · The Machine Behind Renewable Power A 4.8M-view Real Engineering video explains the hard part of wind energy:…
When the Connected Bronze Age Came Apart
Around 1200 BC, an interdependent world of palaces, ports, scribes, and chariots fractured. The lesson is not that one villain ended civilization—it is that tightly coupled systems can fail in layers.
The Machine That Balances on Four Spinning Disks
A drone is not magic and it is not merely a flying camera. It is a closed-loop control system that turns motor speed, sensor fusion, radio links, and software into stable flight.
The Body’s Alarm System: Pain, Pills, and the Brain
Pain is not a simple wire from injury to brain. It is a protective, predictive system—and effective management starts by understanding the difference between a signal and an experience.
Loneliness Is a Signal: The Psychology of Connection
Loneliness is not simply being alone. It is the brain's alarm system for perceived social disconnection — painful, adaptive in the short term, and dangerous when it becomes chronic.
Steel: The Molten Material That Built the Modern World
From iron ore and coal to a glowing slab, steelmaking is a controlled fight against chemistry. The result is the material that made railways, skyscrapers, ships and modern industry possible.
How Evolution Works: The Engine That Built Every Living Thing
Natural selection is not chance. It is a blind, tireless algorithm that has run for nearly four billion years, producing every organism that has ever lived.
The Hidden Civilization Inside Your Gut
Ten trillion bacteria live inside you, shaping your mood, immunity, and weight. An N43 analysis of the science of the gut microbiome.
The Reef Under Pressure: Coral, Carbon, and Acidifying Seas
What coral reefs build, why heat causes bleaching, and how extra carbon dioxide changes seawater chemistry before it reaches a reef.
The Invisible Push: How Motors and Generators Trade Energy
A clear, physics-first tour from magnetic force and commutation to Faraday induction, back EMF, and the reversible electric machine.
From Marks to Letters: The Long Evolution of Writing
How accounting marks, consonant alphabets, Greek vowels, and Latin branching turned speech into a portable technology.
The Laboratory Before the Lab
Alchemy did not turn lead into gold. It did something historically stranger: it taught generations to treat matter as something that could be worked, recorded, and transformed.
The Ocean Is Not a Tap
Desalination can turn seawater into drinking water, but every clean litre carries an energy bill, a membrane problem, and a brine question.
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